It comes down to the air foils (or "wings" to you). Air foils is a better term because all airplanes need at least two sets of foils for stability, the main big ones in the middle of the plain, and smaller ones usually by the tail. These are the surfaces that provide lift to the aircraft. Lift is a pushing up force. If the airplane goes along fast (being pushed forward by its engines), then air is flowing fast over the air foils. The trick to manned flight was learning what shape to make the air foils. They are designed so that air rushes over the top of them faster than it rushes underneath. The slightly slower air under the wing pushes in all directions... including upwards. The more this upward force, the more lift the airplane gets.
When a large passenger airplane comes to land the wings need to do various things to reduce the amount of lift in a slow and controlled manner. One of the main tricks is to move the ailorons (little flaps extending at the rear of the wing) so that the air is able to rush underneath the wing faster, thus reducing how much air pushes the wing up. The airlorons can tilt in various ways, even allowing air to escape through a small gap between them and the main part of the wing. Upon landing the ailorons tupically flip up to help slow the plane down on the runway.
When a large passenger airplane comes to land the wings need to do various things to reduce the amount of lift in a slow and controlled manner. One of the main tricks is to move the ailorons (little flaps extending at the rear of the wing) so that the air is able to rush underneath the wing faster, thus reducing how much air pushes the wing up. The airlorons can tilt in various ways, even allowing air to escape through a small gap between them and the main part of the wing. Upon landing the ailorons tupically flip up to help slow the plane down on the runway.
